Given the rapid development of the banking sector, it is reasonable to expect that the performance of banks has become the centre of attention among bank managers, stakeholders, policy makers, and regulators. In order to maximizing the share-holders’ satisfactory level, two bank efficiency measurement approaches, i.e. the production approach and the user cost approach, which are financial evalu...

  We suggest a method for finding the non-dominated points of the production possibility set (PPS) with variable returns to scale (VRS) technology in data envelopment analysis (DEA). We present a multiobjective linear programming (MOLP) problem whose feasible region is the same as the PPS under variable returns to scale for generating non-dominated points. We demonstrate that Pareto solutions o...

In March 2000, the European Council in Lisbon set out a ten-year strategy to make the EU the world's most dynamic and competitive economy. One of the main priority areas in the Lisbon strategy or Lisbon agenda (as it is sometimes known) is to increase investments in knowledge, research, and education, both by governments and by enterprises. Increasing such investment has remained one of the mos...