During an earthquake, the better performance of segmental tunnel lining, compared to the continuous in-cast concrete lining, is generally related to the joints between segments. In order to better understand the influence of the segment joints, their effect on the internal forces induced in tunnel lining simultaneously with the effects of the other influential parameters should be considered. I...

Objective(s) Definite diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) is based on histopathological study, but there are limitations associated with standard histology and histochemistry in this regard. The aim of this study was to investigate calretinin immunostaining patterns in both ganglionic and aganglionic HD intestinal specimens and to compare them with control specimens. Materials and Method...

We propose a new, valuation-based measure of world equity market segmentation. While we observe decreased levels of segmentation in many countries, the level of segmentation remains significant in emerging markets. We characterize the factors that account for variation in market segmentation both through time as well as across countries. Both a country’s regulation with respect to foreign capit...

Let T be a first order theory formulated in the language L and P a new relation symbol not in L. Let φ(P ) be an L ∪ {P}-sentence. Let us say that φ(P ) defines P implicitly in T if T proves φ(P ) ∧ φ(P ) → ∀x(P (x) ↔ P (x)). Beth’s definability theorem states that if φ(P ) defines P implicitlly in T then P (x) is equivalent to an L-formula. However, if we consider implicit definability in a gi...

We introduce the concept of a segment of a degenerate convex polytope specified by a system of linear constraints, and explain its importance in developing algorithms for enumerating the faces. Using segments, we describe an algorithm that enumerates all the faces, in time polynomial in their number. The role of segments in the unsolved problem of enumerating the extreme points of a convex poly...

The goal of Persistence is to remove the distinction between short-lived and long-lived data in programming languages. It strives for example to organise data so that files and database records can be accessed with the same commands that are used with structs and arrays. Persistence has proven to be a difficult problem. This paper argues that some kind of user-level intermediate structure is ne...

This paper explains a calculational design technique for ne-grained parallel programs by means of an example. The example deals with the recognition of K-rotation invariant (or K-rotated) segments which is a generalisation of the well-known square recognition problem. Two parallel programs are derived. The rst one determines for each segment of N successive inputs whether it is K-rotated, the l...