Latent Gaussian models are flexible models that are applied in several statistical applications. When posterior marginals or full conditional distributions in hierarchical Bayesian inference from these models are not available in closed form, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are implemented. The component dependence of the latent field usually causes increase in computational time and divergenc...

In this article, I compare William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying and Sadeq Chubak’s The Patient ‎Stone ‎with respect to the theme of death and from the perspective of Existentialism. I argue that ‎despite ‎Faulkner’s influence on Chubak and similarities in their writings, the Iranian modernist novel ‎presents ‎intellectual and aesthetic nuances catering to the domestic material circumstances of ‎it...

The deviance information criterion (DIC) has been widely used for Bayesian model comparison. However, recent studies have cautioned against the use of the DIC for comparing latent variable models. In particular, the DIC calculated using the conditional likelihood (obtained by conditioning on the latent variables) is found to be inappropriate, whereas the DIC computed using the integrated likeli...

Both theoretical and empirical findings have suggested that combining different models can be an effective way to improve the predictive performance of each individual model. It is especially occurred when the models in the ensemble are quite different. Hybrid techniques that decompose a time series into its linear and nonlinear components are one of the most important kinds of the hybrid model...

Undoubtedly, public spaces can be considered as an essential factor, which could contribute to urban arrangement, create and maintain a strong local center and enhance the quality of superior environment and the sense of citizenship. Moreover, integrity has always been the most basic structural qualities and one of the key principles of cities. Integrated urban spaces exhibit the integrated str...