Most software developments do not use any of the existing theories and formalisms. This leads to a loss of precision and correctness on the resulting softwares. Two different approaches to formal techniques have been raised in the past decades: one focus on data aspects, and the other focus on the behavioural aspects of the system. Some combined languages have already been proposed to bring the...

OBJECTIVES to translate and culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese the Developing Nurses' Thinking model, used as a strategy for teaching clinical reasoning. METHOD the translation and cultural adaptation were undertaken through initial translation, synthesis of the translations, back-translation, evaluation by a committee of specialists and a pre-test with 33 undergraduate nursing students...

This paper presents a new active learning technique for machine translation based on quality estimation of automatically translated sentences. It uses an error-driven strategy, i.e., it assumes that the more errors an automatically translated sentence contains, the more informative it is for the translation system. Our approach is based on a quality estimation technique which involves a wider r...

In this paper we present a report on our participation in the CLEF Chinese-English ad hoc bilingual track, and we discuss a disambiguation strategy which employs a modified co-occurrence model to determine the most appropriate translation for a given query. This strategy is used alongside a pattern-based translation extraction method which addresses the ‘unknown term’ translation problem. Exper...

In this paper we present a report on our participation in the CLEF 2007 Chinese-English ad hoc bilingual track. We discuss a disambiguation strategy which employs a modified co-occurrence model to determine the most appropriate translation for a given query. This strategy is used alongside a pattern-based translation extraction method which addresses the ‘unknown term’ translation problem. Expe...

Abstract In recent years, under the guidance of strategy “Chinese culture going out”, Chinese has made great progress in foreign relations and more audiences begin to understand accept culture. However, according traditional culture, translation quality problems still exist such important links as external advertising media communication. Translation language is not unique, integration communic...

The House of Commons translation task involves handling documents that are transcriptions of parliamentary sessions (Hansard) or of the proceedings of various parliamentary committees. The documents are in XML, and generally contain parts where the source language is English, and parts where it is French. The desired output is a set of similarly-formatted XML documents containing both the origi...