We propose a new model in STAG syntax and semantics for subordinate conjunctions (SubConjs) and attributing phrases – attitude/reporting verbs (AVs; believe, say) and attributing prepositional phrase (APPs; according to). This model is discourse-oriented, and is based on the observation that SubConjs and AVs are not homogeneous categories. Indeed, previous work has shown that SubConjs can be di...

Translation is a wonderful area of study especially the literary one. Unlike other kinds renditions, translation needs lot cognitive processing on part translators in that selecting one multi grammatical forms available Arabic not as easy cake considering implied meaning syntactic or morphological structure suggests. It could be stated main problem this research and structures how decide which ...

We investigated the lexicalization of syntactic knowledge in two reading experiments, one using a moving window paradigm and one measuring eye movements. Our study was motivated by Spivey-Knowlton and Sedivy’s (1995) finding that verb class, and by implication frequency information, determined how easily a prepositional phrase (PP) was attached to a verb phrase (VP) or to a direct object noun p...

The INQUERY retrieval and routing system, which is based on the Bayesian inference net retrieval model, has been described in a number of papers 5, 4, 10, 11]. In the TREC experiments this year, a number of new techniques were introduced for both the ad-hoc retrieval and routing runs. In addition, experiments with Spanish retrieval were carried out. For the ad-hoc retrieval experiments, the maj...

This paper presents a format for representing the l inguist ic form of utterances, cal led situation schemata, which is rooted in the situation semantics of Barwise and Perry. A treatment of locative prepositional phrases is given, thus illustrating the generat ion of the situation schemata and their interpretation in situation semantics. I n t r o d u c t i o n A natural language system aims t...

(1) a. Japanese datives appear to systematically map, in properties, to English double object constructions (DOCs) and not to prepositional datives (Zushi 1992, Miyagawa and Tsujioka 2005). b. We argue (following Zushi 1992) that the “standard” order of arguments in Japanese datives is a derived one. c. We propose this follows from “weak ni’s” the fact that in Japanese, ni is never a case probe...

Aiming at natural F0 control for conversational speech synthesis, F0 characteristics are analyzed from both generation and perception viewpoints. By systematically designing conversational situations and utterances with adverb phrases expressing different degree of markedness, their F0 characteristics are compared. The comparison shows the consistent F0 control dependencies not only on adverbs ...