this study seeks to examine how teachers’ educational background (those who have educated in tefl in comparison to those who have educated in literature) may influence their beliefs and attitudes on language learning, teaching and the teaching methods they apply in their classes. on a general basis, depending on teachers’ opinion, learning process might be seen as behavioristic, inductive, inte...

A s a director of a university diagnostic reading clinic, I see children of all ages who, for one reason or another, are making poor progress in learning to read. Our job in the reading clinic is to determine the nature and source of the child’s reading problem and suggest (and implement) instructional interventions for helping the child improve. Often the children we see in our clinic demonstr...

The central aim of this study was to clarify whether sign language (SL) nativeness is a significant factor in determining prelingually deaf individuals' reading skills and whether its contribution is modified by the reader's orthographic background. A second aim was to elucidate similarities and differences between native and nonnative signers in processing written information at different proc...

Reading comprehension difficulties in children with ADHD are well established; however, limited information exists concerning the cognitive mechanisms that contribute to these difficulties and the extent to which they interact with one another. The current study examines two broad cognitive processes known to be involved in children's reading comprehension abilities-(a) working memory (i.e., ce...

The problem of accurately predicting relative reading difficulty across a set of sentences arises in a number of important natural language applications, such as finding and curating effective usage examples for intelligent language tutoring systems. Yet while significant research has explored documentand passage-level reading difficulty, the special challenges involved in assessing aspects of ...

There is increasing interest in evidence based medicine and critical evaluation of medical literature as an aid to decision making and greater emphasis on using results of research in decision making is one of the recent advances in general practice. There are well recognized models for critical reading which apply more complex rules of epidemiology but this paper describes the use of the READE...

Systems for assessing and tutoring reading skills place unique requirements on underlying ASR technologies. Most responses to a “read out loud” task can be handled with a low perplexity language model, but the educational setting of the task calls for diagnostic measures beyond plain accuracy. Pearson developed an automatic assessment of oral reading fluency that was administered in the field t...