doping is the use of drug for the purpose of improving performance in general and sports performance in particular. rejection or acceptance of the use of banned substances by athletes is determined by internal factors that are subjective and external or social. against this background, the present study examined social risk factors as determinants of intention (temptation) to use banned substan...

In (1a) the patient the pie is realized as an object and in (1b) it is realized as an oblique marked by the preposition at. There is a semantic effect associated with this alternation: when the pie is a direct object it is known to have necessarily been affected in some way, but when it is an oblique it may or may not have been affected, depending on the context (i.e. it is underspecified for a...

several factors influenced on the presence of women in the pahlavi era. in the new structures after the constitutionalism and along with modernism of pahlavi, court became to the government and political figures changed to the people. in this era, the role of women in sexual approach, their changed from a class-in-itself to class-for-itself. the outgrowth of social backdrops caused that we can ...

The study aimed at investigating the role of social capital in citrus growers’ empowerment in Sari County. The statistical population comprised 12 800 citrus growers in Sari County. The stratified random sampling was employed in this study in an attempt to recruit 291 individuals as prospective participants. Data collection tool was a questionnaire. In order to establish its content validity, s...

The paper develops the previously proposed approach to constructing factorization systems in general categories. This approach is applied to the problem of finding conditions under which a functor (not necessarily admitting a right adjoint) “reflects” factorization systems. In particular, a generalization of the well-known Cassidy-HébertKelly factorization theorem is given. The problem of relat...

The results presented in this paper were motivated by a study of certain patterns, known as restriction sites, in DNA sequences. DNA sequences can be thought of as finite words over a four-letter alphabet {A, T, G, C}, and restriction sites are (sequence-specific) locations of positions in double-stranded DNA where it is cut by a protein known as a restriction enzyme. See Watson (1977). For exa...

In this paper we state a generalized form of the policy improvement algorithm for reinforcement learning. This new algorithm can be used to ...nd stochastic policies that optimize single-agent behavior for several environments and reinforcement functions simultaneously. We ...rst introduce a geometric interpretation of policy improvement, de...ne a framework to apply one policy to several envir...