Defects in the maxilla associated with oroantral and oronasal communications generally affect patient’s function and esthetics leading to emotional imbalance. Reconstructive surgery is an option, but sometimes presents unsatisfactory results. Rehabilitation using obturator prostheses in edentulous patients often contributes to inadequate stability. The literature demonstres that intra-oral endo...

Congenital palate defects (CP) occur in dogs. Secondary cleft palate (SCP) is a congenital oronasal fistula resulting in incomplete closure of the hard and soft palate. SCP occurs alone or in combination with primary cleft palate involving the lip and premaxilla. CP results from incomplete fusion of the palatine shelves, most critical at 25 to 28 days gestation. Methods to improve survival of p...

A modified-live vaccine against the respiratory form of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) infection was developed by progressive attenuation of a respiratory strain (438/06-TN). The vaccine was found to be safe as four colostrum-deprived newborn calves remained healthy after oronasal administration of ten doses of the vaccine. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was assessed by intramuscular injection of...

A case treated with onlay bone grafting and simultaneous osseointegrated implant insertion is reported. The patient had an oronasal fistula in the center of the premaxillary region due to failed repair of a bilateral cleft palate. Four fixtures were inserted with onlay bone grafting of the maxillary alveolar ridge. Twelve months postsurgery, one fixture was lost as a result of severe bone resor...

Purpose: Today, without having competent and efficient human resources, organizations will not be able to create transformation, development and excellence, achieve a strategic model and achieve the set goals. The way to achieve this is to develop the management and leadership of the organization and create an efficient structure for the human resources organization. Therefore, the main purpose...