the major purpose of this study was to develop the translation teacher competency test (ttct) and examine its construct and predictive validity. the present study was conducted in two phases: a qualitative phase as well as a quantitative phase. in the first phase of the study, the author attempted to find out the major areas of competency required for an academic translation teacher. the second...

although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

objective: the objective of this study was to investigate the invitro fluoride release of four new self-adhesive resin cements; set (sdi, australia), breeze (pentron, usa), embrace wetbond (pulpdent, usa), g-cem (gc, japan) and to assess the bonding performance of these self-adhesive resin cements for bonding of orthodontic brackets. materials and methods: for fluoride release experiment, six ...

طرح های پوششی و انباشتی در ترکیبات از اهمیت خاصی برخوردارند که مطالعه ؟؟؟؟طرح های پوششی مینیمیم و؟؟؟؟؟ طرح های ماکسیمم اهمیت این موضوع را روشن می سازد. هدف این پایان نامه بحث و بررسی طرح های پوششی و انباشتی مطالعه اعداد وابسته به آنها و ارائه روش هایی برای ساخت این طرح ها می باشد.مراجع اصلی این پایان نامه عبارت است از :‏‎1. charles . j .colbourn, and jeffry h.dinitz, the crc handbook of combina...

most specialists in the field of foreign language teachingconsiderreading skill as an interactive process between the reader’s prior knowledge and the text.accordingly, the activation of prior knowledge for an effective comprehension is very important. it is generally agreed that the pre-reading phase is the stage where this type of interaction and activation may be enhanced throughcertain stra...

Analyzing ethical statements in the holy Quran by the method of content analyzing in order to explain their effects in personal and social guidance is of important part. This paper, showing ethical tatements in the chapter of Israa as a model, analyzing and classifying them based on their topics, has explained the complete guidance model of the chapter. Ethical statements of the chapter have be...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

دسته ای از ترکیبات شیمیائی که مخصوصا با گسترش زندگانی جدید (ماشینی)اهمیت فرآینده ای پیدامی کنند، افزودنیهای مختلف غذائی میباشند که در صنایع مربوطه بکار گرفته می شوند بکارگیری بخشی از این موا تحت عنوان طعم دهنده ها بمنظور تامین طعم و مزه طبیعی درفرآورده های صنعتی تقریبا اجتناب ناپذیر گشته و همگام با توسعه تولیدات روبه توسعه می رود. یک شناخت سیستماتیک و جامع از خواص و آثار اینگونه مواد طبیعتا مست...