Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs link public transfers to human capital investment in hopes of alleviating current poverty and reducing its intergenerational transmission. Whereas nearly all studies of their impacts have focused on youth, these CCT programs may also have an impact on aging adults, by increasing household resources or inducing changes in allocations of time of various ho...

OBJECTIVES To compare outcomes and cost-effectiveness of various initial imaging strategies in the management of stable chest pain in a long-term prospective randomised trial. SETTING Regional cardiothoracic referral centre in the east of England. PARTICIPANTS 898 patients (69% man) entered the study with 869 alive at 2 years of follow-up. Patients were included if they presented for assess...

ةـصلاخلا : جا تحت زجت ة قيرط س كعلا ىفص نلا نو لل ثحبلا لود ج ة ئ ي طعتو ل قأ باسح تاوطخ ى لإ ي ةد يج جئا تن . دحاو ثحب لودج ة قيرطلا مدختستو اً يُ َّ زخ نُ ، طقف ةءار قلل ةر آاذ ىف و نو للا فيفختل مي ق ى لع لودجلا ىو تحي باسحلا ةقباس ) ىدامرلا ىوتسملا ( ىسكعلا ىفصنلا نوللا تايلمعل . ة يزاوتم باسح ة قيرط حر تقي ثحبلا اذ هو لإ زاجن ىفصنلا نوللا سكعلا ي ، جتب كلذو ىلإ درفنملا ثحبلا لودج ةئز نم ددع...

In this article, we offer an empirical rejoinder to the oft-told story that large urban districts, like Philadelphia, are inefficient. We situate our study during the very short period in Pennsylvania’s recent history when efforts were dedicated to addressing the inequitable distribution of resources through a fair funding formula and to increasing the amount of resources available for educatio...

Recent studies have used the value spread as a predictor of aggregate stock returns to construct cash-flow betas that appear to explain the size and value anomalies. Our evidence suggests that the value spread is not a useful predictor of returns. Two related variables, the book-to-market spread — the book-to-market of value stocks minus that of growth stocks — and the market-to-book spread — t...