The problem of judgement aggregation consists in aggregating individual judgments on an agenda of logically interconnected propositions into a collective set of judgments on these propositions. This relatively new literature (see List and Puppe (2007) for a survey) is centred on problems like the discursive dilemma which are structurally similar to paradoxes and problems in social choice theory...

Activity theory is a powerful theoretical instrument to untangle the " complications. " Based on activity theory, a comprehensive framework is proposed in Part I (Y. Xu, 2007) of this report to describe interactive information retrieval (IIR) behavior. A set of propositions is also proposed to describe the mechanisms governing users' cognitive activity and the interaction between users' cogniti...

In this paper we explore a cognitive modeling approach to aggregating individuals’ estimates of unknown quantities without natural bounds. We carried out two experiments that elicited individuals’ estimates of the population of US metropolitan areas, and domestic box office returns for movies. We found that the means of individuals’ responses correlate well with the true sizes, but participants...

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to explore some important views and theories of information and knowledge in the area of library and information science (LIS) and then to propose a new model of information and knowledge. Method: This research has been conducted by using a comparative content analysis of the existing materials on conceptualizations and definitions of information and knowledge...

Personality has been one of the most-studied factors in negotiation research, yet only inconsistent evidence has been provided for its impact on negotiation behaviors and outcomes. This paper proposes a mental model of personality and negotiation by integrating cognitive and social factors into the examination of negotiation processes. Testable propositions are then put forward before future re...

Linear Relational Embedding (LRE) was introduced (Paccanaro and Hinton, 1999) as a means of extracting a distributed representation of concepts from relational data. The original formulation cannot use negative information and cannot properly handle data in which there are multiple correct answers. In this paper we propose an extended formulation of LRE that solves both these problems. We prese...