This paper explores training and initialization aspects of dynamic neural networks when applied to the nonlinear system identification problem. A well known dynamic neural network structure contains both output states and hidden states. Output states are related to the outputs of the system represented by the network. Hidden states are particularly important in allowing dynamic neural networks ...

Various methods have been used to economically design wastewater and stormwater collection systems. In this article, Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming (DDDP) which is a subsection of dynamic programming (DP) was used. For each pipe network, various alternatives such as depth and slope of pipe laying and various diameters could be considered to satisfy hydraulic and engineering constrain...

Intelligent tutoring systems and computer aided learning environments aimed at developing problem solving produce large amounts of transactional data which make it a challenge for both researchers and educators to understand how students work within the environment. Researchers have modeled student-tutor interactions using complex networks in order to automatically derive next step hints. Howev...

Researchers have recently begun to examine Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) through the lens of Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS). The behaviour of small enterprises mimics that of a CAS with interactions playing an important role as a prerequisite for CAS. Complex systems always involve interactions among system components. The presence of many interacting components is a prominent feature of c...

The risk of a broad range respiratory and heart diseases can be increased by widespread exposure to fine atmospheric particles on account their capability have deep penetration into the blood streams lung. Globally, studies conducted epidemiologically in Europe elsewhere provided evidence base indicating major role PM2.5 leading more than four million deaths annually. Conventional approaches si...

In this paper, dynamic modeling of a Vestas 660 kW wind turbine and its validation are performed based on operational data extracted from Eoun-Ebn-Ali wind farm in Tabriz, Iran. The operational data show that the turbine under study, with a classical PI controller, encounters high fluctuations when controlling the output power at its rated value. The turbine modeling is performed by deriving th...

To study the characteristics of the complex supply chain, a invulnerability analysis method based on the complex network theory is proposed. The topological structure and dynamic characteristics of the complex supply chain network were analyzed. The fact was found that the network is with general characteristics of the complex network, and with the characteristics of small-world network and sca...