deposited at Japan Collection of Microorganisms and the Institute for Fermentation, Osaka under accession number 10268T and 16408T, respectively. Detailed taxonomic study of the strain K95-55611 will be reported elsewhere3). A stock culture of the producing organism was inoculated into two 500-ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100ml of culturing medium. The flasks were incubated at 27°C for 72 ho...

Fecal coliform bacteria were isolated from three herbivores (cattle, horse, and red panda) and shown to produce primarily the D-form of lactate, plus acetate and ethanol when grown anaerobically in 1.0% glucose broth. To evaluate coliform contribution to D-lactate acidosis in cattle, experiments involving a forage-adapted steer (fasted or normally fed) and four 500-ml fermentors were compared d...

Neurohumoral responses have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia-evoked cerebral edema. In a well-characterized animal model of ischemic stroke, the present study was undertaken to 1) study the profile of plasma arginine-vasopressin (AVP), and 2) determine whether osmotherapy with mannitol and various concentrations of hypertonic saline (HS) solutions influence plasma AVP levels. Hal...

Spherules of Coccidioides immitis strain Silveira produced in vitro were treated with chitinase and lysozyme. The walls of merthiolate-killed mature endosporulating spherules were degraded by chitinase (500 mug/ml) and by lysozyme (100 and 500 mug/ml). Thus, as was visible through the light microscope, the spherule wall was reduced in thickness from 1 to 2 mum to less than 0.5 mum. The degradat...

Acute acidosis was induced in sheep, and gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by using lactulose as a permeability marker. Metabolism was evaluated by monitoring blood metabolites. Four rams (72.5 ± 4.6 kg BW) were used in a 2 × 2 changeover design experiment. The experimental period lasted 96 h from -24 to 72 h. After 24 h of fasting (from -24 to 0 h) for both controls and acidosis-induc...

Background: We aimed to evaluate effect of Euphorbia royleana exposure on histocytology of corpuscles of Stannius in fish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Methods: Fish were subjected to 2.47 mg/L and 0.618 mg/L of E. royleana for short-term and long-term exposure, respectively. Blood samples were collected on 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in short-term and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 d in long-term experiment a...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of most fatal cancers. In most patients It is resistant to chemotherapy. Ferula gummosa gum, Scutellaria lindbergii, Kelussia odoratissima and Artemisia kopetdaghensis are herbs that there are some cytotoxic activity reports about them. In this study cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of these four extracts on RCC cell line (ACHN) were evaluated and compared.ACHN...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of most fatal cancers. In most patients It is resistant to chemotherapy. Ferula gummosa gum, Scutellaria lindbergii, Kelussia odoratissima and Artemisia kopetdaghensis are herbs that there are some cytotoxic activity reports about them. In this study cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of these four extracts on RCC cell line (ACHN) were evaluated and compared.ACHN...

The purpose of this study was to compare the concentrations of levofloxacin and azithromycin in steady-state plasma, epithelial lining fluid (ELF), and alveolar macrophage (AM) after intravenous administration. Thirty-six healthy, nonsmoking adult subjects were randomized to either intravenous levofloxacin (500 or 750 mg) or azithromycin (500 mg) once daily for five doses. Venipuncture and bron...