A framework for the validation of axiomatic structure metrics is presented. In a case study, the comprehen-sibility of type expressions in the functional programming language Miranda' has been investigated. A structure metric for the comprehensibility of type expressions has been developed together with internal and external axioms. This structure metric has been validated experimentally. The c...

Absorption has been identified as readiness for experiences of deep involvement in the task. Conceptually, absorption is a key psychological construct, incorporating experiential, cognitive, and motivational components. Although, no operationalization of the construct has been provided to facilitate research in this area, the purpose of this research was the development and examination of the p...

BACKGROUND Nonexperimental studies of drug effects in large automated databases can provide timely assessment of real-life drug use, but are prone to confounding by variables that are not contained in these databases and thus cannot be controlled. OBJECTIVES To describe how information on additional confounders from validation studies can help address the problem of unmeasured confounding in ...

although the validity of content of program is mostly conducted with qualitative methods, this study used both qualitative and quantitative methods for the validation of content of post marriage training program provided for newly married couples. content validity is a preliminary step of obtaining authorization required to install the program in country's health care system.this mixed methodol...

MOTIVATION Recent advances of next-generation sequence technologies have made it possible to rapidly and inexpensively identify gene variations. Knowing the disease association of these gene variations is important for early intervention to treat deadly diseases and provide possible targets to cure these diseases. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many individual genes asso...

Hundreds of genetic markers have shown associations with various complex diseases, yet the "missing heritability" remains alarmingly elusive. Combinatorial interactions may account for a substantial portion of this missing heritability, but their discoveries have been impeded by computational complexity and genetic heterogeneity. We present BlocBuster, a novel systems-level approach that effici...

Verification and validation of computer codes and models used in simulation are two aspects of the scientific practice of high importance and have recently been discussed by philosophers of science. While verification is predominantly associated with the correctness of the way a model is represented by a computer code or algorithm, validation more often refers to model’s relation to the real wo...