In the later stages of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learning, and foreign language learning in general, emphasis is put on approaching a native-like command of the target language. Native-like command of a language entails, besides using correct grammar and vocabulary, being able to use the language idiomatically. However, idiomaticity is not an easy concept to define, or as Yorio (1989)...

Achieving communicative competency in English classes has been a key goal in contexts where English is taught as a foreign language (EFL). During this process, however, integrating the difficulty and complexity of real life tasks into classroom teaching has often been disregarded. Lack of opportunities for authentic language use often results in learners’ gaining extensive knowledge about the t...

Critical literacy is widely practiced in classrooms in many countries and across levels of education. Research that explores critical literacy in English as a second language (ESL) and English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms, however, remains scarce. The few studies that do exist focus on development of critical literacy without explicit attention to development of language skills (see, ...

Genes encoding elongation factor-like (EFL) proteins, which show high similarity to elongation factor-1alpha (EF-1alpha), have been found in phylogenetically distantly related eukaryotes. The sporadic distribution of "EFL-containing" lineages within "EF-1alpha-containing" lineages indirectly, but strongly, suggests lateral gene transfer as the principal driving force in EFL evolution. However, ...

due to the growing emphasis of modern language pedagogy on meaningfulcommunication, l2 willingness to communicate (wtc) has recently become animportant concept in second language learning and communication. the presentstudy investigated the effects of individual differences on iranian efllearners' willingness to communicate. as many as 431 students who were learningenglish as a foreign language...

abstractthis study investigated the effect of digital games on vocabulary acquisition of low-proficiency iranian male and female efl learners. in order to select homogeneous learners in terms of their english language proficiency, the standard nelson proficiency test was administered, and based on the obtained results, 60 low-proficiency efl learners were selected (31 females and 29 males). the...

Individual learners’ affective factors are very important for foreign language learning. In China foreign language learning mainly happens in classroom. Foreign language teachers are the organizers and carriers of language classes, and thus they inevitably influence the students’ affection. This study explores how EFL teachers influence students’ affect, what the teachers should do to develop a...

the potential of computers to support learning and teaching m almost all subject areas is now widely accepted. at ail levels of education computers aid teachers to enrich their learning/teaching environment. in the field of language education, especially english as a second/foreign language (esl/efl) computer-assisted learning has acted as an indirect boost to enhance language proficiency. whil...