The recent sharp appreciation of the Canadian dollar vs. the US dollar poses difficulties for the Canadian economy and reignites the debate as to whether Canada should fix the Canadian dollar to the US dollar by implementing a unilateral peg or forming a monetary union. We compare the welfare of different combinations of monetary and currency policies in an open-economy macroeconomic model that...

This study examined the effect of price, exchange rate, and production on Indonesian seaweed exports to Europe. The reason is that in 2016 price was lower than previous year, but there a decline exports. data analysis method used panel because combination cross-section time series data. results partially indicated rate positively significantly affected exports, while negatively insignificantly ...

This paper aids our understanding of the link between innovation and exporting behavior by detailing how firms may purposefully decide on the source country for the imported innovation and the market that they ultimately serve. We argue that firms who invest in the state-of-the-art technologies pursue a more aggressive exporting strategy and test this hypothesis with firm-level data from Argent...

This paper examines how nominal uncertainty affects the choice firms face to serve a foreign market through exports or to produce abroad as a multinational. I develop a two-country, stochastic general equilibrium model in which firms make production and pricing decisions in advance, and I consider its implications for the relative attractiveness of exporting and multinational production. I find...

Water is the first and foremost limiting factor for agricultural production, and undoubtedly, water crisis is considered as one of the international challenges for governments and human societies. Given that virtual water was first used as a way to tackle water scarcity in countries with limited water resources, so that countries with low water should import food from abundant countries...