This paper describes a new approach to word sense disambiguation (WSD) based on automatically acquired "word sense division. The semantically related sense entries in a bilingual dictionary are arranged in clusters using a heuristic labeling algorithm to provide a more complete and appropriate sense division for WSD. Multiple translations of senses serve as outside information for automatic tag...

Plant biologists widely accept plants demonstrate capacities for intelligence. However, they disagree over the interpretive, ethical and nomenclatural questions arising from these findings: how to frame issue signify implications. Through trope of 'plant neurobiology' describing plant root systems as analogous animal brains nervous systems, intelligence is mobilised raise status plants. In doin...

fictional literature has experiencedan increasing and stunning growthof women writers in the past two decades. in terms of quality and quantity, theincrease was to the extent that nowadays women’s names are mentioned sometimeseven more than men’s amongthe distinguished writers ofcontemporary iranianliterature. on the other hand, these authors have often chosen the novel astheir main literary fo...

Emoji are a contemporary and extremely popular way to enhance electronic communication. Without rigid semantics attached to them, emoji symbols take on different meanings based on the context of a message. Thus, like the word sense disambiguation task in natural language processing, machines also need to disambiguate the meaning or 'sense' of an emoji. In a first step toward achieving this goal...

Fictional literature has experiencedan increasing and stunning growthof women writers in the past two decades. In terms of quality and quantity, theincrease was to the extent that nowadays women’s names are mentioned sometimeseven more than men’s amongthe distinguished writers ofcontemporary Iranianliterature. On the other hand, these authors have often chosen the novel astheir main literary fo...