Background: For several centuries, there has been a debate about the dimensions of intellectual property to support the thinkers of society and prevent their exploitation. Unfortunately, this invisible and powerful asset is increasingly vulnerable. Therefore, establishing favorable regulations, guaranteeing proper criminal enforcement and effective enforcement of laws in order to protect these ...

1. introduction cultural infrastructure in adopting appropriate teaching and learning methods in efl classes is crucial. the meaning of silence is culture-bound and cultural guidelines govern when and why one employs silence. learning to speak and write in english in iranian efl classrooms seems to be a process of challenging one’s values. iranian efl learners, with a “silence is gold” mentalit...

searching the reasons for the superiority of one text over another with the same theme and the same subject has long been a vital question up on the minds of literary critics. dealing with these types of texts, this critical question has always been outstanding in the mind of serious literary critics that why the narration of one author is more cohesive than the other's. so analyzing the s...

The invitation to participate in the seminar on Theory was simultaneously pleasing and puzzling: I was pleased to be paired with Tilottama Rajan, towards whose work I am intellectually sympathetic, but puzzled by the rubric under which I was asked to articulate the relation of my Genealogy of the Romantic Symbol to her Dark Interpreter. My only contributions to what is conventionally understood...

appearance of nationalism in each country is influenced by some social , religious and political factors throughout the history of that country in iranian contemporary history, this process has also been dependent upon opinions and thoughts of some of the nationalist intellectuals and modernists their intellectual products played an important role in various social , intellectual and even artis...