Background Epilepsy is a prototypical, stigmatised disorder. Numerous studies have been conducted regarding the public perception of epilepsy, but they are primarily from high-income western countries; few studies have taken place in low- to middle-income countries with a traditional culture and a religious orientation. Objective The public knowledge and attitudes towards epilepsy in Tehran, Ir...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of different psychiatric disorders among 7 to 12 years old children in urban areas of Tehran. METHOD A sample of 799 children (6 to 11 years old) were selected from 250 clusters of the entire 22 municipality areas of Tehran using a multistage sampling method from 250 clusters from the entire 22 municipality areas of Tehran.. After responding to a Persian ve...

STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional, population-based survey. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence, and biological and psychological correlates of low back pain (LBP) in large, populated urban areas. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA LBP is a common and costly medical problem all around the world. Currently, there are limited data available on prevalence as well as biological ...

fast and unplanned city growth, has effects such as isolation of village societies, threatening urbancores and centers and small and weak societies, destruction of open spaces and open and natural regions. smart growthoffers a sustainable way for urban developing with appropriate use of available sources, increase of urban services,developing neighborhoods with different uses, making public tra...

STUDY DESIGN Development and psychometric evaluation. PURPOSE Design and psychometric assessment of the Nursing Low Back Pain Predictor Questionnaire addressing nurses suffering from chronic low back pain in Iran. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Low back pain is the most prevalent behavior-related health problem among nurses, and it needs to be assessed through a validated multi-factorial questionna...

1School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 14/04/03; accepted: 26/10/03 ABSTRACT Between 1991–2000, Leishmania species were isolated and characterized by isoenzyme and molecular analysis from rodents caught in various parts of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In areas endemic for cutaneous lei...