Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) is an important cool-season, annual forage crop for the grassland rotation system in Southern China. The primary aim of breeding programs is always to seek to improve forage quality in the animal productivity system; however, it is time- and labor-consuming when analyzed excessive large number of samples. The main objectives of this study were to construct ...

Computational intelligence approaches have gradually established themselves as a popular tool for forecasting the complicated financial markets. Forecasting accuracy is one of the most important features of forecasting models; hence, never has research directed at improving upon the effectiveness of time series models stopped. Nowadays, despite the numerous time series forecasting models propos...

Proper models for prediction of time series data can be an advantage in making important decisions. In this study, we tried with the comparison between one of the most useful classic models of economic evaluation, auto-regressive integrated moving average model and one of the most useful artificial intelligence models, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), investigate modeling procedur...

This empirical study is an attempt to detect speculative bubbles in different indexes of the Pakistan stock market (KSE-100, KSE-30 & KMI-30) using monthly time series data from (2005– 2020) evaluate all four Rtadf (Recursive, Right tail Augmented Dickey-Fuller) tests. includes Standard ADF, Rolling-window Supreme ADF (SADF) and Generalized SADF (GSADF) with Monte-Carlo simulation, under Ga...

in this paper, we show that the chapman-kolmogorov formula could be used as a recursive formula for computing the m-step-ahead conditional density of a markov bilinear model. the stationary marginal probability density function of the model may be approximated by the m-step-ahead conditional density for sufficiently large m.

Monte Carlo computer simulations were used to investigate the performance of three X 2 test statistics in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Normal theory maximum likelihood )~2 (ML), Browne's asymptotic distribution free X 2 (ADF), and the Satorra-Bentler rescaled X 2 (SB) were examined under varying conditions of sample size, model specification, and multivariate distribution. For properly s...