CNC (Computer Numerical Control) adalah suatu mesin yang bekerja dengan instruksi gambar sudah didesain dan mengguakan file extens g-code. digunakan berbagai tujuan tetapi mempunyai fungsi cara kerja sama yaitu untuk grafir, ukir, lain lain. Mesin ini dapat berfungsi adanya komponen utama board grbl controller. Board tersebut dilengkapi 4 pinout driver motor A4988 memberikan logika ke stepper. ...

This paper presents a new approach based on the use of a knowledge base, in order to improve the angular resolution of the permanent magnet (PM) stepper actuator. The use of this technique is justified by the limits of the conventional technique when the static torque characteristic is high nonlinear. The conventional open loop microstepping technique which realised by a Pulse Width Modulation ...

The undergraduate electrical machines course belongs to basic courses in electrical en‐ gineering. It is especially crucial for the students studying continuing subjects like electrical drives and control of electrical drives. Thus, a good knowledge of the behav‐ ior of electrical machines in various control modes and various supply and the changeable parameters of machines is needed to underst...

A freely available collection of Head-Related Impulse Response (HRIR) measurements is introduced. The impulse responses were acquired in an anechoic chamber using a KEMAR manikin at four different loudspeaker distances – 3m, 2m, 1m and 0.5m – reaching from the far field to the near field. The loudspeaker was positioned at ear height and the manikin was rotated with a high-precision stepper moto...

This paper is concerned with the design of a controller-observer scheme for the exponential stabilization of a class of singularly perturbed nonlinear systems. The controller design uses a sliding mode technique and is divided in two phases: slow feedback control and fast feedback control so that a final composite control is obtained. Assuming that only the fast state is available and the syste...

This protocol includes the designs and software necessary to upgrade an existing stereotaxic instrument to a robotic (CNC) stereotaxic instrument for around $1,000 (excluding a drill), using industry standard stepper motors and CNC controlling software. Each axis has variable speed control and may be operated simultaneously or independently. The robot's flexibility and open coding system (g-cod...

This paper presents the first near-real-time freehand ultrasound elastography system using a (3-D) mechanical probe. Acquisition is complete within two sec, and only an additional 20 sec are required for generation of a full 3-D strain volume. The strain is axial, with estimates of lateral and elevational tissue movement used to increase the accuracy of the axial strain measurement. This is the...