نتایج جستجو برای: encouraging cooperative production elements to create incentive for active participation
تعداد نتایج: 14253010 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
methodology non-native participants in this study were sixty ba students majoring in english literature and teaching english as a foreign language at khayyam university of mashhad. they were senior students, between 21 to 24 years old, who had studied english for at least three and a half years and had passed several courses including grammar, reading, conversation, and writing. this was assum...
This paper analyzes the sources of heterogeneity in tax-minimizing strategies across individuals. We summarize insights obtained from the literature into three conditions affecting participation in tax minimization: namely, incentive, access, and awareness. Using a rich Swedish administrative panel data set on corporations, individuals, and active owners of closely held corporations, we analyze...
To better understand the conditions that most effectively stimulate creative participation online, a crowdsourcing project was implemented on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, collecting 4200 written and visual submissions from online participants. An experimental research design tested the impact of specific incentive structures (i.e. financial rewards, bonuses, specification of project purpose, attri...
abstract the third millennium has started, but the world is facing with serious challenges in achieving international security and peace. various human rights violations have lead the states to find means to protect human rights. also article 55 of the united nations charter introduces the respect to human rights and fundamental freedom as the most suitable ways to realize peace and security. ...
the aim of this study was to determine influencing factors on participation of fishermen member cooperative in sustainable fishing in golestan province. the methodological approach of this study was descriptive- correlative. the research population consisted of 144 fishermen who member cooperative, which were selected using census method. validity of the instrument was established by a panel of...
in this project, some new polyaspartimides, (pas)s, have been synthesized form michael addition reaction between new synthetic bismaleimide (bmi) and some aromatic diamines. a characteristic property of this polyaspartimides is a pendent carboxylic group, which introduced to these polymers from new bismaleimide. bismaleimides (bmi) is one of the interesting compounds, which can be self-polymeri...
The concept of sustainable development in the functional area network most important settlements is based on dependence settlement environment as well entire system Zlatibor district. assessment nodal centres and their impact socioeconomic transformation other through integrative-incentive mechanisms on: dominant role a geospatial factor district; structural demographic changes within area; com...
iv abstract this study examined the linguistic behaviors of two iranian efl teachers each of them teaching learners of two similar proficiency levels, a beginner level and an intermediate level, to investigate the relationship between the learners proficiency levels and the amounts and purposes for l1 use by the two teachers. the study was carried out to investigate whether there were differe...
one of main goals of urban officials is encouraging and promoting social participation among citizens. this is so, because both reduce costs and can be a base for self-fulfillment and empowerment among citizens. but, like other actions, measuring participative actions has some difficulties. the main difficulty is about measuring that part of social action which occurs in actor’s mind. this part...
Despite the increasing interest from both policy makers and scholars in the collective management of natural resources in the rural sector, the literature has not covered many aspects of the incentives targeting collective actors. In this article, we analyze how embedding minimum participation rules in rural policies affect the distribution of benefits of a group of players that cooperate. The ...
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