this paper tries to study the emergence and changes of mechanized industry in iran within qajar dynasty (mid-19th century) and the islamic revolution triumph (1978). it focuses on the governments role in delayed industrialization, and accordingly surveys the governments role in building institutions and commercial policy-making for industrialization. since governments nature and its role in eco...

Assisted reproductive technology is widely practised around the world for the treatment of virtually all forms of infertility. The application of this technology in the Islamic world had been delayed for many years, based on the misconception that Islamic teachings do not approve assisted reproduction. The paper discusses derivation of Islamic rulings and its impact on the ethics of contemporar...

clay and earthenware statuettes of women are amongst first human artworks of prehistoric era. after historic period the tradition of making women earthenware statuettes continued in islamic era with special changes. these earthenware statuettes including different method of making and decoration often have made in important persian pottery centers as rey and kashan cities. the seljuk and il-kha...

The ERC-funded research project »Embedding Conquest«, based at Leiden University, studies the mechanics by which early Islamic rule took root in a tapestry of diverse territories and different social contexts. Based on large corpus documentary literary texts, especially letters, team has identified elements political, territorial, institutional cohesion stemming from interpersonal ties loyalt...

The status of Islamic women varies in different Muslim countries, which interpret Islamic religion and law differently, especially with regard to their attitudes toward women. Most of these Islamic countries have specific beliefs about women and have restrictions concerning them. Gender stereotypes of Islamic women have their origin in the evolution of the Muslim religion. This is similar to th...

The recent history of Islamic finance is riddled with a number of paradoxes. First, there is a great rift between the economics literature on Islamic finance, and the practical approaches taken by financial experts and practitioners in the area. Second, despite two or more decades of rhetoric regarding the development of uniform standards for Islamic finance, the market remains largely segmente...