al-tamthil wal muhadhara written by al-thaalibi is one of the brilliant books in arabic language. this book is unique in its kind because of a number of iranian ancient proverbs and wisdom. among which there are arabicized persian proverbs rooted in far-off ancient history still in common use today. this paper studied these age-old and yet familiar proverbs which are never thought of being root...

doing researches on the arts of rhetoric and oratory which relates to meaning hunting and using it through speech structure has earned, from the ancient periods, the attention of critics and scholars in all over the world, and paying attention to coherent speeches is what can be traced in ancient iran before the arrival of islam. instructive brevities, phrases full of similes and metaphors, elo...

This paper investigates the architecture of Dezzak Grand Mosque in Saravan City for first time to best our knowledge. One most important research problems was lack sufficient information about Mosque. Considering that some Islamic geographers had sporadically mentioned an old mosque southeast Iran, comprehensive field not done this regard. study compares oldest South East Iran with Prophet Mohm...

Post-modernism and recent critical theory has sought to deconstruct the role of particular ‘Great Traditions’ and ‘Grand Narratives’ as privileged accounts of world affairs, contemporary and historical. In spite of this, such narratives, even if poorly understood, remain at the heart of much public debate and continue to shape national and global policies. These traditions, linked to elements o...

Working together in groups may be beneficial if compared to isolated efforts. Yet this is true only if all group members contribute to the success. If not, group efforts may act detrimentally on the fitness of their members. Here we study the evolution of cooperation in public-goods games on scale-free networks that are subject to deletion of links connected to the highest-degree individuals, i...