Modern economic geography is a new filed in economic studies highlighted by Krugman’s papers (1991 & 1992) increasingly welcomed by economists. Krugman in his papers, proposed a theoretical model that holds opening trade leads to increased wages in some geographical areas where major productions are industrial. Increased real wages in such areas leads to more labor employment while scale econom...

The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of education on Iran’s economic growth during 1338-89 within the framework of endogenous growth theory, focusing on three key issues: exploring the scope and main aspects of education and growth with their theoretical and technical requirements, a critical evaluation of Iranian empirical research dominated by crucial problems and challe...

In this paper, we first define longitudinal-dynamic heteroscedastic hierarchical  normal  models. These models can be used to fit longitudinal data in which the dependency structure is constructed through a dynamic model rather than observations. We discuss different methods for estimating the hyper-parameters. Then the corresponding estimates for the hyper-parameter that causes the association...

in most of the developing countries, particularly in asian countries, the initial step of electricity industry restructuring has begun by spot market design. in addition, electricity industry, all around the world, is approaching competitive markets. meanwhile there are many unanswered questions including deregulation mechanism. in this new framework, producers are considered as private compani...

In our country, research on architectural design process, is based on two main theoretical approaches; one is the system of Islamic theosophy, and the other is recent empirical studies on design methodology. The main problem here, is to find out the relationship between these two viewpoints, to attend the domain›s pathology, like misunderstanding and oversight of the position and order of theor...

Background and purpose: Due to the increasing information about illnesses and deaths, classified map is of appropriate methods for analyzing this type of data. Standardized infection rates are commonly used in disease mapping but had many defects. This study aimed to compare the Poisson regression models and empirical Bayes models to prepare geographical map of tuberculosis incidence in Mazanda...