the present study was an attempt to determine the types of motivation and levels of foreign language learning anxiety among efl students studying at azad and state universities in kermanshah and to determine the relationship between these two factors and language proficiency and gender. to this end, the foreign language learning motivation scale, by deci and ryan )1985(, were administered to 12...

the purpose of this two-phase, sequential mixed methods study was to find out whether there were any decencies between male and female ma students’ theses regarding the common features of academic writing such as syntactic complexity, means of integrating cited information, and organizing arguments. i chose 10 male written theses and 15 female written theses in tefl and linguistics. in the firs...

Background and Aims: Despite significant decline in dental caries in recent decades, the disease remains a public health problem especially in developing countries. In recent years combined application of laser and fluoride has been introduced as a new caries-preventive measure. The purpose of the present study was to review the literature on the preventive effect of combined application of ...

Dust is referred to sediments of less than 100 microns in size which are transmitted as suspended particles. Dust storms are events which naturally occur in arid and semi-arid areas, especially in subtropical latitudes. One of the most known sources of dust is the west of Asia, including Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Iraq, and Iran, especially Khuzestan Province. The purpose of this study is to inv...

Altering existing buildings for new functions is not a new phenomenon. For example during the Renaissance period, monuments from ancient times were transformed for new uses. During the French Revolution (18th century), religious buildings were transformed for industrial functions or military uses after they had been confiscated and sold. In addition, During the last few decades in Western Europ...