We studied the occurrence of extreme weather events and their effects on carbon dioxide water exchange two subarctic forest stands. One study site was a Scots pine in eastern Finnish Lapland (Värriö), other Norway spruce western (Kenttärova). compared short-term meteorological data with long-term found that had experienced extremely warm, wet dry years as well cold spells during growing season ...

PURPOSE To examine the effect of active warm-up duration on short-term maximal performance assessed during Ramadan in the morning. METHODS Twelve healthy active men performed four Wingate tests for measurement of peak power and mean power before and during Ramadan at 09:00 a.m. The tests were performed on separate days, after either a 5-min or a 15-min warm-up. The warm-up consisted in pedali...

The early and middle Miocene in Turkey was characterised by a warm climate diversified rich vegetation. Many fossil angiosperm genera have been identified from this period. present study re-examined previously identifed new samples of wood remains. studied material included thin sections housed at the Department Forest Botany, Division Engineering, Faculty Forestry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpa...

Ostracode magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca)-based bottom-water temperatures were combined with benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotopes in order to quantify the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater, and estimate continental ice volume and sea-level variability during the Mid-Pliocene warm period, ca 3.3-3.0Ma. Results indicate that, following a low stand of approximately 65m below present at marine iso...

We inferred climate drivers of 20th-century years with regionally synchronous forest fires in the U.S. northern Rockies. We derived annual fire extent from an existing fire atlas that includes 5038 fire polygons recorded from 12,070,086 ha, or 71% of the forested land in Idaho and Montana west of the Continental Divide. The 11 regional-fire years, those exceeding the 90th percentile in annual f...