According to the thinkers and historians of Iran history during Islamic epoch, The Safavid era has always been recognized as an era with most magnificent and powerful national-religious state including the controlling central government. Due to establishing new government infrastructures for politics, economics and culture in this epoch, a marvelous revolution happened in the social life of Saf...

in fact, this study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any difference between the effect of functional/notional approach and the structural approaches to language teaching on the proficiency test of efl learners? 2. can a rather innovative language test referred to as "functional test" ge devised so so to measure the proficiency test of efl learners, and thus be as much reliable an...

fluorescence chemical sensors for the highly sensitive and selective determination of pb2+ , hg2+, co2+ and fe3+ ions in aqueous solutions are described. the ion sensing system was prepared by incorporating lipophilic ligand (l) as a neutral ion-selective fluoroionophore in the plasticized pvc membrane containing sodium tetraphenylborate or potasium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate as a liphoph...

nowadays,tourism industry considered as one of the main sources of income of a country.unfortunately and despite of owning plenty of cultural historical and natural attractions, iran has not reached to a proper position in this field. besides, the historical cities of a country are considered as the income resource and national wealth of it. qazvin with a rich cultural precedent, have suitable ...

هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی آلودگی فلزی در خاک‎های اطراف کوره ذوب روی زنجان می‎باشد. برای این منظور نمونه‎برداری از خاک‎های منطقه در جهات جغرافیایی مختلف و از افق‎های سطحی (10-0 سانتی‎متر) و عمقی (30-10 و 60-30 سانتی‎متر) آن صورت گرفت. علاوه بر تعیین غلظت کل فلزات سنگین و خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی (درصد ماده آلی، درصد محتوای رس و ph)، آنالیز استخراج ترتیبی نیز به منظور بررسی رفتار و روند گونه‎سازی ف...

The revolution is the broadest and fastest change in a society, which is both the result of change and a factor for subsequent changes; The present article with a comparative method and library tools; Aiming to make a comparative study of the approach of Shiite and Sunni Muslim thinkers towards the Islamic Revolution. Research findings show that in the minds of Sunni thinkers, the priority is t...