context patients with hepatic dysfunction suffer from many problems and associated complications in organs other than the liver. therefore, it is very important to investigate the effects of different drugs in the treatment of these patients. due to the high consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), studying the effects of these drugs in patients with hepatic dysfunction is...

The Roman imperial monarchy is generally studied from the vantage point of ancient Roman history: the “Roman emperor” is viewed and analyzed as an element of the Roman world. This conventional approach fails to place this institution in a broader comparative context, that of monarchical rulers across world history. Systematic comparison opens up new perspectives and is indispensable in identify...

Severe bacterial infections leading to sepsis or septic shock can be induced by bacteria that utilize different factors to drive pathogenicity and/or virulence, leading to disease in the host. One major factor expressed by all clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria is lipopolysaccharide (LPS); a second factor expressed by some Escherichia coli strains is a K1 polysaccharide capsule. To det...

powdery mildew is one of the most important disease concerns of tomato production in different regions of the world, which is caused by different species of erysiphales. the most important causal agents of which are leveillula taurica and oidium neolycopersici. in the present study tomato farms in qazvin province were surveyed and tomato leaves with powdery mildew symptoms were collected. after...

A whole-cell hybridization assay with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes derived from the 16S rRNA sequence of Brucella abortus in combination with flow cytometry has been developed. With the three fluorescent probes selected, a positive signal was observed with all the representative strains of the species and biovars of Brucella and with a total of nine different Brucella clinical isolates. U...

Lymphocytes from b(5)/b(9) rabbits were stained in suspension with fluorescent antiallotype antibody reagents to selectively label with fluorescent molecules those cells bearing membrane immunoglobulin (Ig) of the b5 or b9 allotype. After staining, the cells were separated by the fluorescence-activated cell sorter into populations markedly enriched in cells bearing b5 or b9 membrane Ig or total...

during 2001-2005, 79 isolates of rhizoctonia from seed rot, seedling damping –off, root rot and dry rot canker of sugar beet were collected. based on morphological characteristics, number of nuclei per cell and hyphal diameter, isolates were classified in two groups, binucleate (4 isolates) and multinucleate (75 isolates). among 75 multinucleate isolates ,27 isolates were identified as  ag4, 28...