The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is a significant worldwide problem caused by rapid population growth and associated urbanization. The UHI effect exacerbates heat waves during the summer, increases energy and water consumption, and causes the high risk of heat-related morbidity and mortality. UHI mitigation efforts have increasingly relied on wisely designing the urban residential environ...

The Andes foothills of central Chile are characterized by high levels of floristic diversity in a scenario, which offers little protection by public protected areas. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of this diversity must be gained in order to aid in conservation management. Heterogeneous environmental conditions involve an important number of niches closely related to species richness. Re...

Forest canopy height is an important biophysical variable for quantifying carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems. Active light detection and ranging (lidar) sensors with discrete-return or waveform lidar have produced reliable measures of forest canopy height. However, rigorous procedures are required for an accurate estimation, especially when using waveform lidar, since backscattered signal...

state estimation is the foundation of any control and decision making in power networks. the first requirement for a secure network is a precise and safe state estimator in order to make decisions based on accurate knowledge of the network status. this paper introduces a new estimator which is able to detect bad data with few calculations without need for repetitions and estimation residual cal...

Many of the faint submm sources uncovered by deep SCUBA surveys still remain unidentified at most, if not all other wavelengths. The most successful method so far of obtaining accurate positions and hence allowing more secure identifications has been to use centimetre wavelength imaging with the VLA. This has led to a tempting approach for obtaining redshift estimates for this population (Caril...

Abstract The Thar Desert receives very scarce and scanty rainfall; hence, water is given the top priority importance in daily life. During past decades, there has been a variation trend of rainfall, climate, other atmospheric conditions Jaisalmer district. An analytical study carried out to investigate this changing environmental phenomenon. Sixteen grids have selected magnitude slope for rainf...

High spatial resolution soil moisture (SM) data are crucial in agricultural applications, river-basin management, and understanding hydrological processes. Merging multi-resource observations is one of the ways to improve the accuracy of high spatial resolution SM data in the heterogeneous cropland. In this paper, the Bayesian Maximum Entropy (BME) methodology is implemented to merge the follow...

Human land use legacies have significant and long-lasting ecological impacts across landscapes. Investigating ancient (>400 years) legacy effects can be problematic due to the difficulty in detecting specific, historic land uses, especially those hidden beneath dense canopies. Caracol, the largest (~200 km2) Maya archaeological site in Belize, was abandoned ca. A.D. 900, leaving behind myriad s...

We calibrate the Baryonic Tully-Fisher (BTF) Relation using a sample of gas dominated galaxies. These determine the absolute scale of the baryonic mass–rotation speed relation independent of the choice of stellar mass estimator. We find a BTF slope of 3.94±0.07 (random)±0.08 (systematic) and a zero point of 1.79±0.26 (random) ±0.25 (systematic). We apply this relation to estimate the stellar ma...