SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprise) have become the importantly compositive part of Chinese Nation Economy. And management and innovation of SME have become one of the key problems of the process of growing up and development of SME. In this paper, a system framework of SME innovation system is introduced, and the system framework includes core layer, expression layer, enabling layer and infrast...

Lehoux et al provide a timely and relevant turn on the broad and ongoing discussion around the introduction of health technology and innovation. More specifically, the authors suggest a demand-driven approach to health innovation that starts from identifying challenges and demands at the health system level. In this commentary, I review a number of underlying implications of their study in rela...

Background: This article sets up the initial discussion of the evolution of biopharmaceutical innovation in China through the perspective of sectoral innovation system (SIS).Methods: Two data sources including archival documentary data and field interviews were used in this study. Archival documentary data was collected from China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) and Chinese National Knowled...

1. OPEN INNOVATION Open innovation was defined by Henry Ches-broug, a professor at Harvard Business School, in 2003. He believes that in an open innovation model, companies should use internal and external strength to develop new products and to commercialize them (Chesbrough, 2005). Figure 1 shows the open innovation model. In the closed innovation model, the steps from new products developmen...

purpose of this paper is development for pattern of a measuring and analysing of innovation in research institutes in vehicle industry. this scale include 3 area: individual innovation, organizational innovation & nature and strength of innovation in current situation. samples selected in 2 research institute npd & ipco in iran khodro, by accident. according to factor loading, identified latent...

Effective innovative activity of enterprises with the dynamic economic development is possible under the conditions of timely implementation of innovative projects that satisfy and meet the requirements of the external and internal environment and contribute to building up their own potential with the orientation of the enterprise activity on the long-term prospect of development. This contribu...