Extended distribution of digicash has commercial, socio-economic as well as political effects. From the economic viewpoint, the most crucial effect of digicash use extension takes place on money supply, monetary policies and central bank. Because digicash is capable of being replaced by bank notes and the coins, it is possible that digicash gradually takes the place of the central bank money an...

short story as an important literary genre in the recent decade is focused by many of young writers and literary critical with searching structure, content , artistic techniques and cognitive phenomenon of these works , we can show quantity of using some parts of storied literature from new literal techniques of the word and also we can show the usage of native, cultural and social foundation...

Upstream and downstream activities of the oil industry have to deal with mitigating risks of material and human loss associated with the use of industry assets, including through insurance cover. One of the important issues in insuring oil assets, is determination the value at risk of the asset in question. The main purpose of the present study is to fill the gap in terms of a scientific method...

there are two major theories of measurement in psychometrics: classical test theory (ctt) and item-response theory (irt). despite its widespread and long use, ctt has a number of shortcomings, which make it problematic to be used for practical and theoretical purposes. irt tries to solve these shortcomings, and provide better and more dependable answers. one of the applications of irt is the as...

this dissertation has six chapter and tree appendices. chapter 1 introduces the thesis proposal including description of problem, key questions, hypothesis, backgrounds and review of literature, research objectives, methodology and theoretical concepts (key terms) taken the literature and facilitate an understanding of national security, national interest and turkish- israeli relations concepts...

this ethnographic case study research was carried out in a private school setting in the context of iran. the research tried to explore the analysis and identity construction of a group of learners and teachers along with the content analysis of books on the basis of four types of commodified, political, national and narrative identities. how english language learners and teachers in an informa...