W study three determinants of the levels of price and detailing effort across geographic markets: the withinmarket response to each variable, the nature of interfirm strategic interactions both within that market and across markets. We empirically examine the interactions of Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy. Our results indicate ...

Why are retailers less likely to vary sale prices of food products when the price paid to the farmer falls than when it rises? As far as perishable goods are concerned, this behavior is usually related to the retailer’s bargaining power. With a view to analyzing the question in greater depth, this study presents a simplified framework considering an ideal scenario in which the retailer wishes t...

almost ideal demand system (aids) and rotterdam model have been employed to (by means of seemingly unrelated regression (sur) estimate the function related to milk and dairy products in the urban societies of iran for years 1982 to 2009. cross and cross price elasticities have been evaluated too. results indicated that during the study period, share of milk products in household budget was more...

the main purpose of this study is to determine welfare impacts of trade liberalization on maize market. for this purpose, we used from time series data for the period 1961/2009 and estimated domestic supply, domestic demand and import demand for maize. results of estimation showed that price elasticity of supply and demand is 0.32 and -0.25, respectively. then, by means of these elasticities, w...

We describe an Agent Mediated marketplace, with dynamically changing reputation ratings. In this marketplace, the seller reputations are updated in a collaborative fashion based on the performance of the user in the delegated tasks. We study the market with computer simulations of multiagent interactions, where sellers learn how to price their services dynamically. We first present some simple ...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the price elasticity of cigarette demand among youth in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). DATA The Global Youth Tobacco Survey was used to obtain data on the smoking behaviour of 315,353 adolescents from 17 LMIC. DESIGN Two-part model of cigarette demand with country fixed effects. The first part estimates the impact of prices on smoking participation while the ...

Among the agricultural important factors, inputs are the most significant in agricultural production. This article aimed to examine the impact of government subsidy policies on production of one of the most strategic products, namely on production of one of the most strategic products, namely maize, in Iran. To achieve this goal, panel data for the nine provinces of Iran's major producers of ma...

BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the impact of tobacco tax and price policies in China. In addition, very little is known about the differential responses to tax and price increases based on socioeconomic status in China. OBJECTIVE To estimate the conditional cigarette consumption price elasticity among adult urban smokers in China and to examine the differential responses to cigarette pr...