regarding to rapidly changing and highly competitive business environment it will become increasingly important for organizations to measure their performances appropriately. with respect to special characteristics of pharmaceutical industry and lack of reported performance measurement, this study tries to design an integrated performance measurement model for pharmaceutical companies. for gene...

in highly competitive market of food industry maintaining and increasing market share are results of brand performance. hence detecting the effective factors on the brand performance is crucial in strategic marketing decisions. data gathered by a 36-items questionnaire. the sample was composed of 131 managers and marketing experts in 62 companies in food industry those are located in tehran cit...

Regarding to rapidly changing and highly competitive business environment it will become increasingly important for organizations to measure their performances appropriately. With respect to special characteristics of pharmaceutical industry and lack of reported performance measurement, this study tries to design an integrated performance measurement model for pharmaceutical companies. For gene...

In highly competitive industrial market, the concept of failure analysis is an unavoidable fact in complex industrial systems. Reliability of such systems not only depends on the reliability of each element of these systems, but also depends on occurrence of sequence of failures. In this paper, a novel approach to sequential failure analysis is proposed which is based upon fuzzy logic and the c...

One of the solutions for organizations to succeed in highly competitive markets is to move toward emerging sciences. These areas provide many opportunities, but, if organizations do not meet requirements of emerging sciences, they may fail and eventually, may enter a crisis. In this matter, one of the important requirements is to develop suitable roadmaps in variety fields such as strategic, ca...

We investigate the short term dynamics of the recurrent competition and neural activity in the primary visual cortex in terms of information processing and in the context of orientation selectivity. We propose that after stimulus onset, the strength of the recurrent excitation decreases due to fast synaptic depression. As a consequence, the network shifts from an initially highly nonlinear to a...

This paper presents people accounting—a hypothesis that describes how a simple numerical imbalance in representation along nominal social category lines can aVect people’s choice of candidates in highly competitive situations (e.g., awards, jobs, etc.). For example, two scholarship Wnalists from California and New York may be equally qualiWed, but the award-winning chance for the California can...