In this paper, we present an implementation of the PARIGI method that addresses the problem of the restoration of images affected by impulse noise or by a mixture of Gaussian and impulse noise. The method relies on a patch-based approach, which requires careful choices for both the distance between patches and for the statistical estimator of the original patch. Experiments are performed in the...

The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is implicated in mood regulation, control of impulsive behavior, and in processing aversive and reward-related signals. DRN neurons show phasic responses to sensory stimuli, but whether association with reward modulates these responses is unknown. We recorded DRN neurons from rats in a contextual conditioned approach paradigm in which an auditory cue was either fo...

Studies that use prolonged periods of sensory stimulation report associations between regional reductions in neural activity and negative blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signaling. However, the neural generators of the negative BOLD response remain to be characterized. Here, we use single-impulse electrical stimulation of the whisker pad in the anesthetized rat to identify components o...

The effect of changing the ionic composition of bathing fluid on the receptor potential of primary endings has been examined in isolated mammalian spindles whose capsule was removed in the sensory region. After impulse activity is blocked by tetrodotoxin, ramp-and-hold stretch evokes a characteristic pattern of potential change consisting of a greater dynamic depolarization during the ramp phas...

In a chronically compressed dorsal root ganglion (CCD) in the rat, a model of foraminal stenosis and radicular pain in human, a subpopulation of neurons with functional axons exhibits spontaneous activity (SA) that originates within the ganglion. Intracellular electrophysiological recordings were obtained from the somata of neurons of the compressed ganglion both in vitro and in vivo. The SA wa...

Currently, there is no international standard for the assessment of fitness to drive for cognitively or physically impaired persons. A computerized battery of driving-related sensory-motor and cognitive tests (SMCTests) has been developed, comprising tests of visuoperception, visuomotor ability, complex attention, visual search, decision making, impulse control, planning, and divided attention....