according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...

1.0 overview it seems that grammar plays a crucial role in the area of second and foreign language learning and widely has been acknowledged in grammar research. in other words, teaching grammar is an issue which has attracted much attention to itself, and a lot of teachers argue about the existence of grammar in language teaching and learning. this issue will remind us a famous sentence f...

textbooks play a crucial role in language learning classrooms. the problem is that among the great quantity of available textbooks on the market which one is appropriate for a specific classroom and a group of learners. in order to evaluate elt textbooks, theorists and writers have offered different kinds of evaluative frameworks based on a number of principles and criteria. this study evaluate...

translation studies have become an accepted academic subject and books, journals and doctoral dissertations appear faster than one can read them all (bassnet and lefevere, 1990). but this field also brought with itself so many other issues which needed to be investigated more, in the heart of which, issues like ideology, ethics, culture, bilingualism and multilingualism. it is reported that ove...

the quest for power has formed much of the world history especially in 20th and 21st centuries. oil (energy) particularly after industrial revolution has been a tool for conquest and power and has been transformed to a geopolitical issue. from a geopolitical point of view this has been the case for the last two centuries in central asia and caucasus. central asia and caucasus has always been...

burnout is a response to the chronic work stress which is prevalent mostly among the people who do people job, like teaching. the purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument that can measure burnout in foreign language teachers. although some widely used instruments were developed before which measured burnout in teachers, a specific instrument which include specific sy...

since the modern art is chosen to discuss, it means a wide expansion of art courses are affected by modernism that enter to the new realms. because of expanded subject, lack of sources and also the close relationship between painting and animation, this thesis emphasizes on the painting and it is recommended to use the phrase “modern painting” instead of modern art (which is more general). thi...

چکیده مورچه‏ها با حمایت از شپشک‏ها در مقابل دشمنان طبیعی، می‏توانند برنامه‏های کنترل بیولوژیک آن‏ها را مختل ‏نمایند. طی سال‏های 1389 و 1390 با نمونه‏برداری از باغات مرکبات شهرستان‏های ساری و بهشهر، فون و فراوانی نسبی مورچه‏هایِ همراه با شپشک‏ها مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. همچنین، تاثیر تراکم‏های مختلف کاست کارگر گونه‏ی santschi lasius turcicus بر میزان تغذیه و فراسنجه‏های واکنش تابعی حشرات ماده و لا...

employees always concern about losing their job , or in other word , losing their income resources. for this purpose, every government requires strong system for covering these concerns. the unemployment insurance (ui) program’s can be used for achieving this goal. in this thesis, we price ui based on the insurance history of employee and the duration of being unemployed. we use the weibull dis...

the current study examined iranian undergraduate efl students’ willingness to communicate with regard to their vocabulary knowledge. in general, participants were somewhat willing to communicate in english. the total mean score of 730 university students’ perception of willing to communicate was 83.53 out of 135. results, regarding four parts of willingness to communicate, revealed that part...