The social dynamics of cities have long been dependent on their spaces and places. On the one hand, human interactions, and relationships are formed by the city form and on the other hand, the body recovers its identity from existing social life. The more a city can communicate with its citizens through physical features, the more it will affect their social identity. Thus, the city form can ha...

This paper analyzes the relationship between capital structure and earning management. For analyzing we use 119 non-financial companies that listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2008. The researchers will focus on comparing the Jones Model and the Modified Jones Model, which are the two most frequently used model in empirical analysis nowadays. Earnings management is a kind of managemen...

results the total art score was equal to 30.07 ± 12.43. data analysis from art illustrated that 74.6% of 240 cases were in high and 13.8% were in medium level of risk. art-electre results revealed that grading and pars naghsh halls were in the best and decoration hall was in the worst ergonomic conditions and should be placed in the top priority of action level. background in this paper, the er...

introduction: in recent years spatial justice has gained special importance among planners and geographers. since the urban public services form the structure, shape and the nature of the physical, social and urban space, inequities in their distribution cause irreversible negative effects on the structure and the nature of city and social segregation of the people, and serious challenges in th...

this study emphasized the ability of genetic algorithm and cellular automate to simulate urban land use changes by integrating adaptive model. the most important part of modeling is to define transition rules.  in this research, a cellular automata model in dinamica ego software was used coupled with genetic algorithm. according to disability of the software for manipulating large number of var...