In this paper we re–examine banks’ lending behavior taking into account changes in the stance of monetary policy in conjunction with changes in financial sector uncertainty. Using a very large data set covering all banks in the US between 1979–2000, we show that financial sector uncertainty plays an important role in banks’ lending decisions: for a given size classification, less liquid banks (...

background: burn injuries and their complications are still considered major threats to society’s health standards. the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile, outcome, and factors associated with children’s burn injuries in shahroud (northeastern iran). methods: this cross-sectional study was performed over a three-year period (2013–2015) on children 12 years and under w...

At subcritical pressures, atomization devices in chemical-propulsion systems must ensure proper rupture of the liquid volume through aerodynamic shearing and homogeneous dispersion of the liquid droplets in the combustion chamber. The gas environment in the combustor is typically hot as a result of the heat released by chemical reactions, with part of its enthalpy being employed in vaporizing t...

The question of whether terminally ill patients should artificially be given fluids has been debated since before palliative care became a recognised specialty. Arguments have been adduced from physiological, comfort, legal psychological, and emotional perspectives. Palliative care specialists agree that the priority is preventing the symptoms associated with dehydration, rather than the dehydr...

In many instances, snow cover and duration are a major controlling factor on a range of environmental systems in mountain regions. When assessing the impacts of climatic change on mountain ecosystems and river basins whose origin lie in the Alps, one of the key controls on such systems will reside in changes in snow amount and duration. At present, regional climate models or statistical downsca...

Abstract Experimental investigations were performed on the hollow-cone spray of viscous liquids in high-pressure gas environment, aiming to obtain fundamental knowledge which was indispensable to survey the applicability of non-conventional new liquid fuels for the gas-turbine power-plant. Test liquid employed were water, diesel fuel, palm methyl ester (PME) and silicone-oil #10. The ambient ga...

The vitrification of a liquid occurs when ice crystal formation is prevented in the cryogenic environment through ultrarapid cooling. In general, vitrification entails a large temperature difference between the liquid and its surrounding medium. In our droplet vitrification experiments, we observed that such vitrification events are accompanied by a Leidenfrost phenomenon, which impedes the hea...

When a nonwetting fluid is forced to infiltrate a hydrophobic nanoporous solid, the external mechanical work is partially dissipated into thermal energy and partially converted to the liquid-solid interface energy to increase its enthalpy, resulting in a system with a superior energy absorption performance. To clarify the energy dissipation and conversion mechanisms, experimental infiltration a...

BACKGROUND The practice of using heparinized saline as a flush fluid for maintaining peripheral venous catheter patency of hospitalized patients in Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand is not evidence-based. OBJECTIVE To switch from heparinized saline flush to normal saline flush for maintaining peripheral venous catheter patency in the patients hospitalized to medical wards. METHODS Study...