Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is a new emerging method, where X-ray diffraction data are collected from a fully hydrated stream of nano- or microcrystals of biomolecules in their mother liquor using high-energy, X-ray free-electron lasers. The success of SFX experiments strongly depends on the ability to grow large amounts of well-ordered nano/microcrystals of homogeneous size distri...

Escape behaviors have a great potential as an indicator of the efficacy of management. For instance, the degree of fear perceived by fishes targeted by fisheries is frequently higher in unprotected marine areas than in areas where some protection is provided. We systematically reviewed the literature on how fear, which we define as variation in escape behavior, was quantified in reef fishes. In...

Introduction Rapid chemical shift imaging (CSI) techniques are of considerable interest for hyperpolarized C metabolic imaging [1,2]. Undersampled spiral CSI (spCSI) using a free induction decay (FID) acquisition mode has been applied to real-time metabolic imaging with acquisition times of less than 1 s per slice [3]. The FID acquisition necessitates phase correction during reconstruction for ...

BACKGROUND All organisms may be affected by humans' increasing impact on Earth, but there are many potential drivers of population trends and the relative importance of each remains largely unknown. The causes of spatial patterns in population trends and their relationship with animal responses to human proximity are even less known. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING We investigated the relations...

GC-FID and HPLC-DAD were developed for determination of menadione (MN) and menadione sodium bisulphite (MSB). By means of each method, quantitative analysis of MSB in commercial pharmaceutical was performed in both direct analysis of MSB and analysis of MN by converting MSB to MN with sodium carbonate. GC-FID method was carried out on the HP-5 capillary column using nitrogen gas. HPLC-DAD metho...