We develop exact simulation (also known as perfect sampling) algorithms for a family of assemble-to-order systems. Due to the finite capacity, and coupling in demands and replenishments, known solving techniques are inefficient for larger problem instances. We first consider the case with individual replenishments of items, and derive an event based representation of the Markov chain that allow...

In an assemble-to-order system, a wide variety of products are rapidly assembled from component inventories in response to customer orders. We assume that orders must be filled within a product-specific target lead time. In the event that some of the components required to fill an order are out of stock, these components must be expedited. The objective is to minimize the expected infinite-hori...

We consider the optimal control of an assemble-to-order (ATO) system with m components, a single end-product, and n customer classes. Demand from each class occurs continuously over time according to a Poisson process. Components are produced in separate production facilities, each with a finite production rate and exponentially distributed production times. Components can be stocked ahead of d...

We consider assemble-to-order (ATO) inventory systems with a general bill of materials and deterministic lead times. Unsatisfied demands are always backlogged. apply four-step asymptotic framework to develop policies for minimizing the long-run average expected total cost. Our approach features multistage stochastic program (SP) establish lower bound on cost determine parameter values control. ...

The bottleneck in a production-inventory network is commonly taken to be the facility that most limits flow through the network and thus the most highly utilized facility. A further connotation of “bottleneck,” however, is the facility that most constrains system-wide performance or the facility at which additional resources would have the greatest impact. Adopting this broader sense of the ter...

We consider a multi-product and multi-component Assemble-to-Order (ATO) system where the external demand follows compound Poisson processes and component inventories are controlled by continuous-time batch ordering policies. The replenishment lead-times of components are stochastic, sequential and exogenous. Each element of the bill of material (BOM) matrix can be any non-negative integer. Comp...

Industrial robots need instrument or parts transport to do which requires coordinate to show the robot’s instrument, parts and body. When investigating the robot location, we are usually interested in measuring its location relative to a reference coordinate system. In this system it is attempted to make the assemble direction smaller by designing the sensor board and making use of an instrumen...