This issue of the Journal features two cohort studies which show a marked excess of schizophrenia in African Americans, and a dose–response relationship between perceived discrimination and excess rates of schizophrenia in different minority groups in The Netherlands. These studies mirror one another, and numerous other studies carried out in developed countries, in inferring that minority grou...

Local reductionism purports to defend a middle ground in the debate about the epistemic status of testimony-based beliefs. It does so by acknowledging the practical ineliminability of testimony as a source of knowledge, while insisting that such an acknowledgment need not entail a default-acceptance view, according to which there exists an irreducible warrant for accepting testimony. The presen...

In 1964 a panel concerned with astronomical facilities prepared a report for the National Academy of Sciences covering a ten-year program for groundbased astronomy. This report emphasized the shortage of ground-based optical facilities and projected the increasing inadequacy of observing resources. I t also pointed out the urgency of improving the operating effectiveness of the telescopes in ex...

After the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic, most states enacted new measures to constrain international mobility. By May 8th, 2020, more than 93% world’s population lived in with special entry bans and three billion countries whose borders were almost completely closed non-citizens. Can such be justified? If so, would this undermine open view? This paper examines these questions. It argues, first,...

This article attempts to theorise legal personhood in a manner that will enable courts to express what it is about newborn infants that relevantly distinguishes them from foetuses for legal purposes. This is a difficult task if one focuses solely on the intrinsic properties of the foetus, as many philosophical and biological accounts of personhood tend to do. Further, it is a task complicated b...

What is called the problems of Tehran metropolis now a days, is deep- rooted in the policies ofurban planning in our country. Since not far past up to now, immigration from all over the country to Tehran, irregular growth of urban population, inconsistency with urban infrastructure development, environmental pollution and low quality of living areas, erosion of self -growing fabric in most area...