Innovations, commercialized by new or old established firms, located at the core of industrial renewal process. The innovation concept has suffered transformations, along with the evolution of the models that try to explain and understand the innovation process. The innovative process corresponds to all activities that generate technological changes and the dynamic interaction between them, not...

The concepts of national systems of innovation suggest that the innovative performance of an economy depends not only on how the individual institutions (e.g. firms, research institutes, universities) perform in isolation, but also on how they interact with each other as elements of collective system of knowledge creation and use, and on their interplay with social institutions (such as values,...

Regional innovations systems are a response to the emerging view in the 1990s that national innovation systems were not necessarily successful in addressing the challenge of competitiveness in period of globalisation. Indeed, with the emergence of clusters as a local innovation system much of the emphasis on competitive advantage in innovation was predicated on the existence of regional and loc...

in the current age, the importance of using knowledge as a tool for creativity and innovation at national level is considerable. furthermore, it would be taken into consideration as strategic need in the competition among different countries. hence in this paper, a new knowledge strategic management framework was developed with emphasizing on knowledge based innovation, upon up studying knowled...

Derives from the National Innovation System (NIS) approach, and based on some prominent weakness in China’s National Innovation System (NIS), this paper argues that China’s National Innovation Platform (NIP) program places more emphasis on the infrastructure of innovation and can be seen as an early stage to form a completed innovation system, and aims at combining the efforts and resources of ...

Although leadership has been studied extensively, most research has focused on the political and military spheres. More recent work has also examined the role of leadership in sectors such as manufacturing and technology, both areas where it is essential to encourage and nurture innovation. Yet, in the health sector, where innovation is now high on the policy agenda in many countries, there is ...

Abstract. The impacts of innovation programs may go far beyond improvements in private R&D expenditures and patents. In this paper we propose that domestic-level programs, not necessarily designed to increase international links in science and technology, may indirectly foster international cooperation in innovation, by providing additional funding, experience in domestic collaboration, and lea...