This paper investigates distributive justice using a fourfold experimental design: The ignorance and the risk scenarios are combined with the self–concern and the umpire modes. We study behavioral switches between self–concern and umpire mode and investigate the goodness of ten standards of behavior. In the ignorance scenario, subjects became, on average, less inequality–averse as umpires. A wi...

This paper investigates distributive justice using a fourfold experimental design: The ignorance and the risk scenarios are combined with the self–concern and the umpire modes. We study behavioral switches between self–concern and umpire mode and investigate the goodness of ten standards of behavior. In the ignorance scenario, subjects became, on average, less inequality–averse as umpires. A wi...

the aim of this study was to examine potato growers' perceptions of risk sources and risk management strategies and their risk management behavior. a survey research method was used in this study. the data originated from a sample of potato growers (n= 128) of ardabil province in the cropping year of 2013. the respondents were divided into two groups of less risk-averse (lra) and more risk-aver...

This paper examines Chinese students’ risk attitude using buying and selling experiments with lotteries. We found that subjects were more risk averse in the buying experiment than in the selling experiment, suggesting the endowment effect. In the selling experiment, subjects were risk loving when there was a low win probability and risk averse with a high win probability, whereas they were risk...

Risk-taking has an important role in human’s life, either positive or negative. Thus, finding a method to control or drive this in a particular way could affect individuals and communities’ health by discouraging negative risks such as reckless driving or encouraging positive risks. Emotion induction is one of the methods that can enhance or reinforce risk-taking according to the perceived emot...

OBJECTIVE Teenage passengers affect teenage driving performance, possibly by social influence. To examine the effect of social norms on driving behavior, male teenagers were randomly assigned to drive in a simulator with a peer-aged confederate to whom participants were primed to attribute either risk-accepting or risk-averse social norms. It was hypothesized that teenage drivers would engage i...

Loss-averse behavior makes the newsvendors avoid the losses more than seeking the probable gains as the losses have more psychological impact on the newsvendor than the gains. In economics and decision theory, the classical newsvendor models treat losses and gains equally likely, by disregarding the expected utility when the newsvendor is loss-averse. Moreover, the use of unbounded utility to m...

This paper considers advertising, collection and pricing decisions simultaneously for a closed-loop supplychain(CLSC) with one manufacturer(he) and two retailers(she). A multiplicatively separable new demand function is proposed which influenced by pricing and advertising. In this paper, three well-known scenarios in the game theory including the Nash, Stackelberg and Cooperative games are expl...