within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

to discuss my point, i have collected quite a number of articles, anthologies, and books about "wuthering heights" applying various ideas and theories to this fantastic story. hence, i have come to believe that gadamer and jauss are rightful when they claim that "the individaul human mind is the center and origin of all meaning," 3 that reading literature is a reader-oriented activity, that it ...

colonialism is an important factor in cultural production and many of cultural constructs all over the world. english and english language teaching are at the center of the contemporary world. postcolonial literature, the genre achebe exercised, is a kind of historical text which has become central to different debates and criticisms. in this thesis, different elements related to the colonial...

learning a second or foreign language requires the manipulation of four main skills, namely, listening, reading, speaking, and writing which lead to effective communication. it is obvious that vocabulary is an indispensible part of any communication, so without a vocabulary, no meaningful communication can take place and meaningful communication relies heavily on vocabulary. one fundamental fac...

the issue of curriculum and syllabus evaluation and revision has been in center of attention right from when curriculum came into attention of educational institutions. thus everywhere in the world in educational institutions curricula and syllabi are evaluated and revised based on the goals, the needs, existing content, etc.. in iran any curriculum is designed in a committee of specialists and...

abstract: one of the most visited & important spaces in different countries by tourist are urban areas. the old tehran which major part is located in district 12 is historical showcase of the capital, but, its hiidden cultural attraction is not used as it should be. this thesis occasionally engage in studying the efficacy of correct installation of travel guide boards in welfare & easily acc...

در این پایان نامه به بررسی ایدآل های اوّل و ابتدائی فازی و رادیکال های آنها می پردازیم. ابتدا به تعاریف اصلی و نتایج منطق فازی در فصل اوّل اشاره می کنیم و در فصل دوم به تعاریف و قضایای مربوط به مجموعه ها و ایدآل های فازی پرداخته، درنهایت در فصل سوم خصوصیات ایدآل های ابتدائی فازی ورادیکال آنها درحلقه های تعویض پذیرمورد بحث و بررسی قرارمی گیرد‎.‎ ایدآل ‎$a$‎ از ‎$r$‎ ایدآل ابتدائی فازی است اگر برا...

this work is presented in five parts. in the first part preparation of the starting complex [pt(c^n)cl(dmso)], 1, in which c^n = n(1),c(2?)-chelated, deprotonated 2-phenylpyridine, and dmso = dimethylsulfoxide, and its reaction with 1 equiv of the biphosphine ligands bis(diphenylphosphino)amine, dppa, or bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, dppm, to give the complex [pt(c^n)cl(dppa)], 2, or [pt(c^n)c...

هدف از این پایان نامه تعمیم قضایای بوهلر (1969)، هید (1971) و هید - براون (1971) در یک فرایند شاخه ای با محیط تصادفی است. برای فرایند شاخه ای $ lbrace z_{n} brace _ {ngeq0 } $ ، با فرض $ z_{0}=1 $ و $ m= e(z_{1}) in (0,infty) $، می دانیم $ w_{n}=z_{n}/m^{n} $ یک مارتینگل نامنفی و تقریبا مطمئن به متغیر تصادفی $ w_{infty} $ همگراست. برای نرخ همگرایی این مارتینگل، هید و بوهلر به ترتیب نتیجه گرف...

بررسی رابطه بین یادگیری سازمانی و توانمندسازی مدیران و معاونین مدارس شهرستان میانه دکتر محمد اورکی1، دکتر هاشم نعمتی، گلسیما عزیزی* استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی ، دانشگاه پیام نور تهران جنوب استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی. ، دانشگاه پیام نور مشهد دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی ، دانشگاه پیام نور تهران جنوب [email protected] میانه- دانشگاه پیام نور میانه مدیر آموزشی، 2226062 – 0423، ت...