To resolve various forms of definite reference u anaphora in particular early natural language understanding systems (reviewed in Hirst 1981) typically used a simple kind of history list of concepts previously mentioned in the input, with heuristics for selecting from this list. The history list was usually just a shift register containing the noun phrases from the last sentence or two, and the...

In light of a large number of admirable attempts which look at scientific discourse from social, dialogic and interpersonal points of view, the propositions which consider scientific discourse as an interactive endeavor are now well-established. By the force of our social constructivist gyrations, we have developed glimpses of a social, cultural and historical dimension in which the discourse o...

As a historical era, postmodernism signifies transition from inflexible and logical positivism and entry into a new view to science. Postmodernism offers a number of nursing practice revise that including humanism, conditions, and borderless, multi-voice, view, and multicultural world, changes in meaning of knowledge, and life-long learning. Demographic changes, technological advances, ethnic a...

this study tries to show that how viewpoint functions in discourse. as it will be clarified, it is highly related to the intention of the speaker/writer, and as a result, the orientation (s)he adopts in the discourse. deictic markers function as discourse markers to fix and anchor time, place, agent, and other discursive elements. in this way, the viewpoint adopted by the enunciator/utterer is ...

iran's islamic revolution as an unparalleled event in the final years of the twentieth century, have attracted the attention of many scholars and researchers in the social and political sciences.thus, different theories and approaches were used to study this phenomenon. most of these theories and approaches inclined to study the manner and circmstances or events leading to the triumph of t...