Ketamine is widely used in veterinary medicine and in medicine. Ketamine is metabolized to its active metabolite norketamine principally by liver CYP3A. Drug metabolism alterations during aging have severe consequences particularly in anesthesiology and very few studies on older animals were conducted for ketamine. The objective of the present study is to assess the influence of aging on CYP3A ...

In the signal attenuation rat model of obsessive-compulsive disorder, 'compulsive' behavior is induced by attenuating a signal indicating that a lever-press response was effective in producing food. In recent years several studies have reported that Lewis rats, an inbred strain derived from the Sprague Dawley strain, exhibit addictive and/or compulsive tendencies. The aim of the present study w...

An in vivo test study to prove its effectiveness as an antihyperuricemia requires animal model with a hyperuricemic condition. Foods that contain high purine bases have the potential increase uric acid levels blood, including chicken liver and melinjo seeds. This aims determine of combination juice seed powder producing hyperuricemia conditions most optimal onset duration rats vivo. Six groups ...

Abstract Background and Aims Mitochondrial homeostasis is controlled by biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy. dysfunction plays a central role in cardiovascular renal disease omega-3 fatty acids (FA) are beneficial for disease. We aimed to investigate whether FA regulates the expression of mediators mitochondrial mitophagy kidney heart adenine-induced uremic rats. Method Sprague-Dawley rats were div...

Objective: Finding compounds that could be used for prevention of atherosclerosis (AS) is highly desired. The present study evaluated the protective effects of Urtica dioica (UD, commonly known as stinging nettle) leaf ethanolic extract against high-fat diet-induced AS in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 male adult Sprauge-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to 4 equal groups and ...

Alligator pepper (Aframomum melegueta) is a spice that is widely used in many cultures for entertainment, religious rites, food flavor and as a part of many traditional doctors medications. Pregnant women are among those who ingest Alligator pepper in these activities. This experiment was carried out to determine the health risk or benefit of Alligator pepper to pregnant women if any. Fifteen m...

Objectives: The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa)fruits aqueous extract on reproductive performance of adult male rats by assessing the serum testosterone level and evaluating their libido behavior. Methods and Materials: Eighteen male adult Spraque Dawley rats were divided into three groups and designated as treatment (240 mg/kg P. macr...