The channel-geometry method is an indirect method of flood estimation which relies on the development of relations between flood discharges, measured at gauging stations, and channel dimensions, measured from natural river reaches in the vicinity of the gauge. Channel-geometry equations enable flood discharges to be estimated at ungauged locations on natural streams from measurements of channel...

During somitogenesis, cells are recruited to the caudal presomitic mesoderm (PSM) from the primitive streak (and later the tail bud), while somites separate from the rostral end as epithelial cubes. This is a regular process, one somite forming every 2 hours in the mouse, that can be simulated by clock and wavefront models. The chick basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor encoded by c-hair...

A model for time dependent analysis of solar chimneys is presented. The energy balance equations for three components of solar chimneys, absorbing plate, cover glass and air-gap are discretized with respect to time using an implicit finite difference model. The discretized nonlinear energy balance equations are solved for numerous time steps over a 24-h period using the Newton–Raphson method. T...

Current medical therapy of glaucoma aims to attain a meaningful and consistent reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) to a predetermined level of target IOP, which will commensurate with either stability, or delayed progression of visual loss. Glaucoma is a 24-h disease and the damaging effect of elevated IOP is continuous. Therefore, it is reasonable that we should endeavor to identify the tr...

Twenty-four hour intragastric pH during normal daily activity has been studied by nasogastric intubation and aspiration of gastric samples in seven patients four years after vagotomy (four truncal, three selective). Two of these patients also had pre- and early postoperative studies. Mean pH was inversely correlated with basal, insulin- and pentagastrin-stimulated acid outputs. However, one of ...