نتایج جستجو برای: is kirznerian
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abstract type-ii fuzzy logic has shown its superiority over traditional fuzzy logic when dealing with uncertainty. type-ii fuzzy logic controllers are however newer and more promising approaches that have been recently applied to various fields due to their significant contribution especially when the noise (as an important instance of uncertainty) emerges. during the design of type- i fuz...
legal establishment of court is the birth of social life; each person should define him/herself against others offence or violation. when a society forms and the legal character appears, the thought of society refers to a person name prosecuting attorney who is the president of the court for defending his/her rights. prosecuting attorney remindterms such as court, crime and punishment. accordi...
In this paper we present a terminological language which includes defaults, and a deenition of default subsumption based on the notion of skeptical inheritance in default reasoning. Except for the inclusion of defaults the language is limited when compared to most terminological logics. However defaults are a necessary construct in many applications and we suggest that the language presented he...
A method for constructing and maintaining a `semantic index' using a system based on description logics is described. A persistent index into a large number of objects is built by classifying the objects with respect to a set of indexing concepts and storing the resulting relation between object-ids and most speciic indexing concepts on a le. These les can be incre-mentally updated. The index c...
In this paper we explicitly compute the transformation that maps the generic second order differential equation y′′ = f(x, y, y′) to the Painlevé first equation y′′ = 6y + x (resp. the Painlevé second equation y′′ = 2y + yx+ α). This change of coordinates, which is function of f and its partial derivatives, does not exist for every f ; it is necessary that the function f satisfies certain condi...
TaxoMap is an alignment tool which aims to discover rich correspondences between concepts (equivalence relations (isEq), subsumption relations (isA) and their inverse (isMoreGnl) or proximity relations (isClose)). It performs an oriented alignment (from a source to a target ontology) and takes into account labels and sub-class descriptions. This new implementation of TaxoMap uses a pattern-base...
Two-frame random-dot kinematograms (RDKs) of different dot density, area and contrast were used to study the spatial properties of the human visual motion system. It was found that the maximum spatial displacement at which observers could reliably discriminate the direction of motion (dmax) increased gradually by a factor of up to 6.4 as dot density was decreased from 50 to 0.025% for high Mich...
The syntax of both SROIQ and OWL 2 allow complex role inclusion axioms where the role composition occurs on the left of the subsumption relation, but not where the role composition occurs on the right. This paper proves that, despite the lack of syntax, SROIQ, and consequently OWL 2, can already express such complex role inclusions. This is shown by proving that complex role inclusion axioms wh...
One approach to give semantics to languages with subtypes is by translation to target languages without subtyping: subtypings A B are interpreted via conversion functions A→B. This paper shows how to extend the method to languages with computational effects, using Moggi’s computational metalanguage.
toury (1978:200) believes that translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. being polite while asking for something takes place differently in different cultures and languages, therefore various strategies may be applied for making requests and also translation of them in order not to disturb or threaten the face or better to sa...
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