abstract in written mode of language, metadiscourse markers are used commonly to help writers in general and academic writers in particular to produce coherent and professional texts. the purpose of the present study was to compare introduction sections of applied linguistics and physics articles regarding their use of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers based on the model pro...

the following null hypothesis was proposed: h : there is no significant difference between the use of semantically or communicatively translates scientific texts. to test the null hypothesis, a number of procedures were taken first, two passages were selected form soyrcebooks of food and nutrition industry and gardening deciplines. each, in turn, was following by a number of comprehension quest...

abstract the aim of the present study is to explore the impact of the cognitive reading strategy instruction on learners reading self-efficacy and their reading achievement. in order to fulfill this purpose, from 120 participants, 90 intermediate efl learners as an experimental group were chosen from three different educational settings namely, yazd university, yazd science and art un...

چکیده هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی الزامات نظام مدیریت کیفیت فراگیر در حوزه پژوهشی دانشگاه اصفهان بود. سوالهای پژوهش با توجه به مولفه های مدیریت کیفیت (تعهد مدیران، بهبود مستمر فرایندها ، مشتری محوری ، منابع انسانی ، مدیریت اطلاعات ، زیرساختهای کیفیت ، استفاده از نتایج ، انعطاف پذیری، مشارکت در فعالیتهای پژوهشی، ایجاد فرهنگ کیفیت و تناسب ساختارهای سازمانی) که بر اساس مطالعه استانداردهای بین المل...

learning-oriented assessment seeks to emphasise that a fundamental purpose of assessment should be to promote learning. it mirrors formative assessment and assessment for learning processes. it can be defined as actions undertaken by teachers and / or students, which provide feedback for the improvement of teaching and learning. it also contrasts with equally important measurement-focused appro...

according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...

abstractof two mcall programs introducing 100 vocabulary items through two im the researcher of the present study was intrigued to compare the effects age modalities (pictures and streaming video) with those of a conventional method (teacher instruction) in an efl context. she set out to investigate whether such multimedia environments could provide a more effective environment for vocabulary...

in this project, 4,4?-methylenebis(3-chloro-2,6-diethyl trimellitimidobenzene) as a diacid, was prepared by the reaction of trimellitic anhydride (tma) with 4,4?-methylenebis(3-chloro-2,6-diethylaniline) (mcdea). the novel poly(amide-imide) (pai) was synthesized from the reaction of 4,4?-methylenebis(3-chloro-2,6-diethyl trimellitimidobenzene) as a diacid with mcdea under green condition using ...

since the 1960s the age effects on learning both first and second language have been explored by many linguists and applied linguists (e.g lennerberg, 1967; schachter, 1996; long, 1990) and the existence of critical period for language acquisition was found to be a common ground of all these studies. in spite of some common findings, some issues about the impacts of age on acquiring a second or...

in this thesis, a better reaction conditions for the synthesis of spirobarbiturates catalyzed by task-specific ionic liquid (2-hydroxy-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethylethanaminium formate), calcium hypochlorite ca(ocl)2 or n-bromosuccinimide (nbs) in the presence of water at room temperature by ultrasonic technique is provided. the design and synthesis of spirocycles is a challenging task becaus...