a random walk on a lattice is one of the most fundamental models in probability theory. when the random walk is inhomogenous and its inhomogeniety comes from an ergodic stationary process, the walk is called a random walk in a random environment (rwre). the basic questions such as the law of large numbers (lln), the central limit theorem (clt), and the large deviation principle (ldp) are no...

Traditional lightning protection practices were standardized many years prior to the recent proliferation of modern electrical and electronic equipment installations on building rooftops. This paper presents an isolated down-conductor solution that combines the advantages of the IEC 623051 series or various other national standards regarding isolated and non-isolated lightning protection method...

We document that firms’ management of accounting earnings increased steadily from 1987 until the passage of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX), with a significant increase during the period prior to SOX, followed by a significant decline after passage of SOX. However, the increase in earnings management preceding SOX was primarily in poorly performing industries. We also show that the informativeness...

Contrary to the implicit assumption motivating much of the work on the political economy of protection, antidumping, along with other forms of administered protection, is the primary form of discretionary protection for most countries. A sizable literature on the political economy of antidumping has developed in the last two decades that is distinctive in its explicit focus on institutional asp...